移居指南
从美国移居西班牙
Americans moving to Spain mostly use the digital nomad visa while keeping a US employer or clients, or the non-lucrative visa in retirement. What is different from the US: you apply at the Spanish consulate that covers your state, your FBI background check needs a federal apostille, and the US keeps taxing you as a citizen wherever you live.
更新于2026年10月1日
简要回答
US citizens can move to Spain on the digital nomad visa (200% of the Spanish minimum wage from non-Spanish work) or the non-lucrative visa (€28,800 a year in funds). Apply at the Spanish consulate with jurisdiction over your state, get an FBI Identity History Summary apostilled by the US Department of State, and keep filing US tax returns: the US taxes citizens abroad.
截至2026年10月1日
| 项目 | 详情 |
|---|---|
| 短期访问 | 180天内停留不超过90天免签（ETIAS启用后适用）来源 · 核实于2026年10月2日 |
| 签证预约 | 我们会针对您的情况确认 |
| 文件 | 接受附加证明书：您的国家是《海牙认证公约》成员来源 · 核实于2026年10月2日 |
| 避免双重征税协定 | 全面的所得税协定已生效来源 · 核实于2026年10月2日 |
| 双重国籍 | 我们会针对您的情况确认 |
| 最低要求 | 200% of the Spanish minimum wage (SMI) a month, plus 75% of the SMI for the first family member and 25% for each further one来源 |
从美国申请的不同之处
Your consulate depends on your state
Spain has several consulates general in the US, each covering specific states. You apply at the one for the state where you live, and some use an outsourced visa centre.
FBI check with a federal apostille
The criminal record certificate is an FBI Identity History Summary. Because it is a federal document, the apostille comes from the US Department of State, not a state secretary of state. Allow for processing time.
Citizenship-based taxation
The US taxes citizens on worldwide income wherever they live. Spain will also tax you once you are resident. The US–Spain tax treaty, foreign tax credits and the foreign earned income exclusion help avoid double tax, and FBAR and FATCA reporting continue.
Social security agreement
The US and Spain have a totalization agreement, which can stop you paying social security in both countries for the same work and lets credits count towards benefits.
可申请的途径
金额为官方来源的法定最低标准。官方费用为估算并会变动；我们的服务费按您的情况报价。
Digital nomad visa (international teleworking)
Remote employees and freelancers working mainly for clients or employers outside Spain.
- 最低要求
- 200% of the Spanish minimum wage (SMI) a month, plus 75% of the SMI for the first family member and 25% for each further one
Non-lucrative residence visa
People with savings or passive income who will not work in Spain.
- 最低要求
- €28,800 a year (400% IPREM), plus €7,200 per dependant
不确定哪种途径适合？
顾问将核实您从美国申请的资格，并在一个工作日内回复。
从美国申请的步骤
Pick the route
Digital nomad if you keep working for a US employer or foreign clients; non-lucrative if you will live on savings, pensions or investments.
Order the FBI check early
Request the FBI Identity History Summary, then the federal apostille, and have it translated by a sworn translator.
Prepare income and insurance
Contracts, three months of history, bank statements and Spanish-valid private health insurance with no co-payments.
Apply at your consulate
Book the national visa appointment at the Spanish consulate for your state. Digital nomad applicants already in Spain legally can apply to the UGE online.
Settle in Spain
Register your address, collect your TIE and get Spanish tax and social security numbers.
文件与认证
在美国为公文书（出生和婚姻证明、无犯罪记录证明、学历证书）办理附加证明书，并在目的地要求时由宣誓翻译翻译。
通常需要美国以及您近期居住过的其他国家出具的无犯罪记录证明。
申请地点
Apply at the Spanish consulate responsible for your place of legal residence, or (digital nomad route) online through the UGE from inside Spain while you are there legally.
税务：移居前需要核实的事项
避免双重征税协定: 全面的所得税协定已生效 Listed on the Spanish Ministry of Finance treaty list (BOE 23/10/2019 (protocol)).
仅为一般信息，不构成税务建议。本页税务内容有待税务专家审核。
来源与审核
最后更新于2026年10月1日
- Spain UGE: international teleworkers (digital nomad) residence
- Spain Ministry of Foreign Affairs: visas
- FBI: Identity History Summary checks
- US Department of State: authentications (apostilles for federal documents)
- IRS: US citizens and resident aliens abroad
- US Social Security: international agreements
本页部分内容正待我们的法律团队审核；在您申请前，我们会针对您的情况逐项确认。
与资深顾问沟通
不确定该选择哪个项目？
预约一对一视频咨询。我们将了解您的目标、家庭情况和预算，然后为您说明适合的项目，并提供费用、办理周期及后续步骤。
- 严格保密，受保密协议保护
- 由资深顾问主持
- 预约前显示最终价格
常见问题
Can Americans work remotely for a US company from Spain?
Yes, on the digital nomad visa, as long as Spanish clients make up no more than 20% of your work. Your employer must accept you working from Spain.
Which Spanish consulate do I apply to?
The consulate general whose district includes the state where you legally live.
Will I pay tax in both the US and Spain?
Both countries can tax you, but the tax treaty and US foreign tax credits are designed to prevent paying twice on the same income. Take advice from a cross-border tax specialist.
Do I need a visa to visit Spain first?
No. US citizens can visit for up to 90 days in any 180 without a visa. ETIAS pre-registration will apply once the EU launches it.
哪种途径最适合我？
这取决于您的目标：在该国生活、获得第二本护照、税务规划，或为家人建立生活基地。本页面的各条途径已按对来自您所在国家的人士的契合度排序。
迁居需要多长时间？
时间取决于所选途径、您的材料是否齐备以及政府的办理速度。每个项目页面均显示其公布的办理周期范围。
进一步了解
与本页相关的项目、指南、洞察和工具。