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Legal · Regulatory

Dual Citizenship

The legal status of being a recognised citizen of two countries simultaneously. Permitted by most CBI-issuing states and by the majority of major Western jurisdictions, but explicitly prohibited by some.

Also known as:Multiple citizenship

Definition

The legal status of being a recognised citizen of two countries simultaneously. Permitted by most CBI-issuing states and by the majority of major Western jurisdictions, but explicitly prohibited by some.

Dual citizenship — sometimes "multiple citizenship" when more than two are held — is the legal recognition of an individual's citizenship in more than one state at the same time. The acquiring state and the prior state of citizenship must each independently permit it.

All Caribbean CBI states permit dual citizenship. Malta, Portugal, and most EU member states permit it. The United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and Australia permit it.

Notable jurisdictions that restrict or prohibit dual citizenship include China, India (which offers OCI status instead), Japan (post-22 deadline), Singapore, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia. Applicants from restricting states should consult a domestic lawyer before pursuing a second citizenship.

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Frequently asked questions

Where can I see this term in practice?

Follow the related programme and guide links on this page to see how the term applies to live programmes.

Who can explain how this applies to me?

An adviser can explain how the term affects your application. Book a consultation or send us a message.

What is investment migration?

Investment migration is the legal process of obtaining citizenship or residency in a foreign country through a qualifying financial contribution — such as a government fund donation, real estate purchase, or business investment. Programmes are offered by sovereign governments and are fully legal, internationally recognised, and increasingly common among UHNW and HNW individuals and families.

What is the difference between residency and citizenship by investment?

Residence by investment gives you the right to live in a country; citizenship by investment makes you a national with a passport and full civic rights.

Residence permits usually need renewing and may carry stay requirements, while citizenship is generally permanent. Many families combine the two to cover different needs.

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